Transmission-gearing.



PATENTED JAN. 7, 1908.

C. W. PARKER.

TRANSMISSION GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16, 1907.

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' /l/TTURNEY mi 816,083, PATRNTRD JAN. 7, c. w. PARKER. 1908 TRANSMISSION GRARING.

APPLIOATI-ON FILED MAB. 16, 1907.

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a; ATTORNEYS No. 876,083.- I- PATENTED JAN. 7, 1908.

G. W. PARKER.

TRANSMISSION GEARING.

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APPLIOATION FILED KAB. 16. 1907.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE.

lCLARK W. PARKER, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO LAMB KNITTING MACHINE CO., OF OHICOPEE FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHU- Specification of Letters Patent.

TRANSMISSION-GEARING.

Patented Jan. '7, 1908.

Application filed March 16. 1907. Serial No. 362.693.

4mission-Grearing, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to improvements lin transmission gearing, and particularly to transmission gearing involving change speed and reverse mechanism,

The main object of my invention is to provide a simple and efficient means for changing the speed of` drive or reversing rthe direction of movement thereof while retaining the gearing employed in constant mesh; to

l so arrange that the transition from one speed -to another maybe as easy as possible and involve but a small movement of the operating parts; to simplify the operating mechanism and to strengthen and reinforce the parts whereby they will be able to withstand great Ashocks without liability to strain or breakage.

yIn order that my invention may be fully understood, I'will now proceed to describe the saine with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating embodiments thereof, and vwill thenpoint nout the novel features in claims'. I,

In -the drawings: Figure l is a view in central longitudinal horizontal section through a change speed and reverse transmission mechanism embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view therethrough substantially upon the line 2--2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail transverse sectional view taken substantially upon the line S-TS of Fig. 1... Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view taken substantially upon the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5`is a detail view in longitudinal sec- 7tionen an enlarged scale, showing a "portion offa tapered ring and lock nut therefor emloyed at intervals along the driven shaft etween the gears thereof. Fig. 6 is an assembly view in side elevaton showing the transmission mechanism s employed in connection with a lathe and showing also the operating mechanism therefor. Figs.

" 7 and 8 are detail views at right angles to the Fig. 9 is a detail view illustrating an impositive lock employed in connection with the operating mechanism. view, with the casing in section, of an embodiment of my invention particularly designed tobe employed in connection with automobile driving mechanism. Fig. 11 is a detail view in side elevation of certain parts thereof, including the operating mechanism. Fig. l2 is a detail view in partial side elevationand partial longitudinal section of a modified structure. Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional view of the same.

Considering first the transmission gearing itself regardless of its particular application,Y it will be seen that the same comprises a drive shaft 20, a driven shaft, 1, a plurality of gears secured fast upon th drive shaft, a plurality of complementary gears in mesh therewith mounted loosely upon the driven shaft, and means for connecting any one of the said loosely mounted gears in driving relation with thc driven shaft at will.

In the form of the apparatus shown in Fig. lthere are five gear-wheels 22 of progressively' different diameters asy shown,

`mounted fast upon the drive shaft 20, and

a sixth gear 23 also mounted fast upon the shaft, the said gear 23 being one of a set of reverse gears, that is to say, part of gearing which produces a reverse movement of the driven shaft with respect to the drive shaft to that which is produced hy the other gearing. The driven shaft 21 has a set of five gearwheels 24 complementary to the gear-wheels 22 and in constant mesh therewith, and also a gear-wheel 25 located upon the said driven shaft in the plane of rotation of the drive gear 23. T he gear-wheels 23 and 25 are not in direct mesh with each other, however, being arranged in common mesh with an 'idler gear 26, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings. This idler gear-causes the driven gear 25 'to be driven in a reverse direction to the direction in which the driven gears 24 are driven.

The driven shaft 21 has a key-way 27 to which is fitted a longitudinal key 28. The said key is fitted to slide freely in a longitudinal direction in said key-way, and is provided with a projecting portion or tooth 29 at one end thereof. At the other end the said key is pivotally connected as at 30 to a carrier 31, said carrier fitted upon the shaft 21 and arranged to slide freely thereon also in a longi- Fig, 1K0 is a top abutment against which' the same will bear Say,

tudinal movement of the bar 36 produces corresponding longitudinalgniovement, but

at twice the speed, of the slide 32, and hence a similar movement of the carrier 31 and key 28. The projecting portion or tooth 29 of the keyv 28 is arranged for engagement with any one of key-w ays or slots 39 with which each of the' driven gears 24 and 25 are pro-l vided. In the embodiment'of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 11 inclusive the said keyfway or slot 39 in. the gear-wheels 24, 25

is substantially of Ithe form shown in the transverse .sectional view Fig. 2, that is to it has one Isubstantially perpendicular wall side facelof the projection or tooth 29 of the key 28, and to form an abrupt shoulder or when in driving relation, and an opposite wall oblique in direction ,forming a ladual rise 'from'the circumferential bore of the 'wheel to the apex of the said slot or key-way. 39.` The only dierence between ,he slot or keyway 39 for the driven gear 25 and for ,the other gears 24 is that the said l slot or key-way 39 is oppositetothat of m the gear-wheel 25 will point in the opposite direction to' that of the other said gears, owing to the fact that the direction in which the gears 24, as above set' forth. l

The innerface ofthe key .29 is channeled to receive a bar thereto. This' yielding pressure is produced by means of springs 41 which are housed in recesses'in the shaft 21 and engage the said jections 42 with which said bar is provi ed.

The said `bar 40 has'no longitudinal movementwith respect to the shaft, but in no .way im edes longitudinal movement of the key 29 Ihecause ofthe fact that itis permitted to have a free relative sliding movement in vthe channel therein. The said bar will, however,

transmit yielding pressure' tfo the end of theV key 28 carrying the tooth-or projection 29 in whateve position it may be. The relative shape o the tooth or projection 29 and the 'key-ways or slots 39 is such as to permit longitudinal movement v'of the key 28, the

l like action between end 29 being forced' downward by the camthe said tooth or projection 29 and the curved top faces of the keya bar 36, and also' which is adapted to be engaged by the the gear 25 is to bedriven 40 through which yielding pressure'in an outward direction is applied ways or slots 39, against the/,yielding pressure of/the spring or s rings 44 as the key is thus moved longitudinally. Thus the key may bef caused to engage the hubs of any one of the wheels 24, 25 at will, bv a mere longitudinal movement of the carrier 31, such movement producing automatically both longitudinal and lateral (radialimove- -ments of the part 29. It will also be noticed that the gea/rs are arranged progressively in their speed relations toward each other, lthe drive at thehighest speed being the farthest away from the reverse,l and that at the lowest spe'ed being.. nearest the reverse. For many purposes this `is a great convenience, as it enables the drive to be gradually slowed down to a-movement at-very slow speed, and then reversed from this point to -whatever speed the reverse gearing may have. The form 'of thegslo ts or. key-ways 439 is-of great convenience and importance, as it not Ionly enables the key to readilyfengage any one of but alsoI it permits overrunning of the parts operating at such time,in the same way as a ratchet and pawl construction to which, indeed, it bears close resemblance-` Because of'the necessity f the deep, keyway'27 inthe shaft 21, which, it ,will be seen, partially seversv4 the shaft and'hence tends to weaken it,l have'provided means at difranged one between each pair fof'- driven gears, such rings having tapered eilipheries which are provided screwv t readsv 'and to which are fitte-d nuts 44.l The tapered split rings 43 are fitted to the shaft somewhat accurately and are then screwed'tightly into place bymeans vof the correspondingly tapered nuts 44, such means forming strongreinforcements for the shaft 21 and positively preventing any spreading Vofthe same. This reinforcin' means is preferably made in -re- Inovable form as described, lto permit the ntire structure to be readily taken to pieces, so as to allow access to be had to the shaft when desired. It will be readily understood the shaft'it would not be possible tov remove the gears once they were in position. The said rings and nutsv also-form convenient spacing devices or shoulders to maintain the positionsl upon the shaft 21,;y

' The foregoing transmissiondevice i-s par' ticularly adapted for use in 'connection with lathes, 'thereby entirelydoing away with the the gears positively, and to, .move without 4 fail inte complete engagement', .tlrierewith,-

ferent points for reinforcing the said shaft, such means comprisingvsplit rings 43 ar- 'that if the reinforcing deviceswere fast upon 115 loose gears 24, 25 -in their proper relative. 12(

usual conev pulleys, clutch,'andreverse belt.- l122 As the operator usually fol.- 131 lows the carriage so as to be opposite the point kpivotallv mounted at 49 upon the apron of the carriage 47, the pivot 49 of the said lever carrying an arm 50 which is connected by means of a'link connection 51 with an arm 52, which has a splined connection with a longitudinal shaft-53. The arm 52 is arranged to travel longitudinally with the carriage, being permitted to do so by reason of its splined connection with the shaft 53, said f splined connection enforcing, however, correspending rotative movement of the said arm and shaft. Near one of its ends the said shaft is provided with an arm 54 rigidly secured thereto, said arm 54 connected by -means of a link 55 `with one arm of a bell crank lever 56, the other arm of the said bell crank lever being connected with the aforesaid bar 36. From the foregoing it will be readily understood how movements of the operating lever 48 will be transmitted to the operating bar 36 in whatever positionsthe carriage 47 may be along the lathe 45. I have provided an impositive block 47 betweenfthe operating lever 48 and the slide rest 47, whereby the operating lever maybereadily brought to rest at points corresponding to the points at which the tooth or projection 29 of the key 28 engages any one of the driven gears. The driven shaft 21 is provided with a pulley 58, by which movement is 4transmitted through a belt 59 to a corresponding pulley upon the head stock of the lathe. The drive shaft 20 is driven by means of a belt and pulley connection or 1n anynother suitable way as may be desired. The convenience of this mechanism 'when thus employed in lathe work will be readily understood. The operator has complete v control of the speed at which the work' may opposite the point at be driven, and that without leaving his place which the work is actually being done. Not only this, but he can reverse at will, and the reverse, coming as it doesnext to the slowest speed, enables him to closely Watch screw cutting work and to accurately reverse at the last minute, as is most desirable.

When employing the mechanism in connection with automobiles, it is not necessary to have as `many speeds as when employing .the same for other classes of machinery such aslathes, while on the other hand, the mechanism should be somewhat stronger. In Figs. 10 and 11 I have shown a convenient form of the device, especially adapted for automobile work. In this form I have shown three speeds forwardand one reverse, and have provided :an'o'perating lever 60 provided with an arm 61 which directly connects with the operating bar 36.

In Figs. 12 and 13 I have shown'a modification in which the slot or key-way in the gear-wheels is of uniform size and shape througlmut. In this form there is no ratchet and pawl like connection, as will be understood by reference to Fig. 13, and the cam action by which the keyis forced downward to compel it to leave one wheel and permit it to engage with another is produced by permitting the said key to engage the inner edge of the ta ered ring between the gears.

What claim is:

1. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a drive shaft and a driven shaft, of a plurality of gears mounted fast upon one of the said shafts, a plurality of gears for co-action therewith mounted loosely upon the other said shaft, a sliding key mounted in said latter shaft, said shaft provided with a key-way for receiving the same, and reinforcing means secured fast upon the said shaft between the gear-wheels thereon.

2i In mechanism of the class described,' the combination with a shaft having a keyway therein, a sliding key fitted to the said shaft, and'rotatable members mounted upon said 4shaft and with which said key is adapted to engage, of reinforcing means for the shaft 'comprising a ring secured under pressure to the said shaft.

' 3. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft having a keyway therein, a sliding key fitted to the said shaft, and rotatable members mounted upon said shaft and with which said key is adapted to engage, of reinforcing means for the shaft comprising split rings, and means for clamping them fast upon the shaft.

4` In mechanisni of the class described, the combination with a shaft having a keyway therein, a'sliding kev fitted to the said shaft, and rotatable mem ers mounted upon said shaft and with which said key is adapted to engage, of reinforcing means for the shaft comprising tapered split rings, and means for clamping them upon the sh aft.

5. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a shaft having a keyway therein, a sliding key fitted to the said shaft, and rotatable members mount'ed upon said shaft and with which said key is adapted to engage, of reinforcing means ,for the shaft comprising exteriorly screw threaded tapered split rings, and nuts fitted thereto for clamping them upon the shaft.

6. In mechanism of the class described, the Ycombination with a shaft and gearwheels mounted loosely thereon, said shaft provided with a longitudinal key-way, of a longitudinally movable key mounted in said key-way and provided with a projection laov s. bei' engaging the under side of said key, springs forcing theseid bar outwardly, and means for moving lthe said key longitudinelly.

7. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a' shaft and gear-Wheels mounted loosely thereon, said shaft provided With a longitudinal key-Way, of a longitudinally movable key mounted in said key- 10 Way, said key being longitudinally chan-l longitudinally.

neled, e bei' itted to the longitudinal cliennel of seid key, springs bearing With yielding pressure against said ber to force the seme outwardly, and means for moving said key CLARK W. PARKER.

Witnesses: f

ERNEST W, Sin/moitie, IRVING R. LYON. 

